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Présence Africaine
''Présence Africaine'' is a pan-African quarterly cultural, political, and literary magazine, published in Paris, France, and founded by Alioune Diop in 1947. In 1949, ''Présence Africaine'' expanded to include a publishing house and a bookstore on the rue des Écoles in the Latin Quarter of Paris. The journal was highly influential in the Pan-Africanist movement, the decolonisation struggle of former French colonies, and the birth of the Négritude movement.
== Magazine ==
The magazine published its first issue in November 1947, founded by Alioune Diop a Senegalese-born professor of Philosophy, along with a cast of African, European, and American intellectuals, writers, and social scientists, including Aimé Césaire, Léopold Sédar Senghor, Alioune Sarr, Richard Wright, Albert Camus, André Gide, Jean-Paul Sartre, Théodore Monod, Georges Balandier and Michel Leiris.〔("Présence Africaine 1947-1958" ), ''The Journal of Negro History'', Vol. 43, No. 2, April 1958, p. 140.〕 While not all authors published in the magazine were from the African diaspora, its subtitle (''Revue Culturelle du Monde Noir''/''Cultural Review of the Negro World'') makes clear that the editors saw themselves engaged it the cultural and political struggles of panafricanism. With the move by Aimé Césaire and Léopold Sédar Senghor to ''PA'' (from Césaire's own journal ''L'Etudiant noir''), the magazine became the pre-eminent voice of the Négritude movement.
In 1956, Alioune Diop and ''Présence Africaine'' organised the 1st International Congress of Black Writers and Artists (''1er Congrès international des écrivains et artistes noirs'') in Paris, which included Aimé Césaire, Léopold Sédar Senghor, Jacques Rabemananjara, Cheikh Anta Diop, Richard Wright, Franz Fanon, and Jean Price-Mars, and for which Pablo Picasso designed a poster.〔(50th Anniversary of the 1st International Congress of Black Writers and Artists, Paris, France, 19-22 September 2006 ), UNESCO.〕
While there have always been English-language abstracts and occasional English-language articles in the magazine, the primary language has been French since its inception. Between 1955 and January 1961, the magazine also published an English edition (also entitled ''Présence Africaine''), which ran to 60 issues.〔(Catalog record of Présence africaine. English ), New York Public Library.〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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